What is a clean room?

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A clean room is a controlled environment where contaminants such as dust, airborne microbes, and aerosol particles are filtered to provide the cleanest possible area

5 Jul 1402

What is a clean room?
The most accurate way to answer this question is by referring to the ISO standard definition of a clean room. This is the standard that all cleanrooms must comply with and the following description provides the parameters that define a cleanroom. A cleanroom is a cleanroom design in which the number of airborne particles is controlled and classified and It is designed, constructed and operated to control the entry, production and maintenance of particles inside the room.
A clean room, commonly used in manufacturing or scientific research, is a controlled environment with low levels of contaminants such as dust, airborne microbes, aerosol particles, and chemical vapors. Strictly speaking, the cleanroom has a controlled level of contamination defined by the number of particles per cubic meter of a given particle size. Outdoor ambient air in a typical urban environment contains 3,500,000 particles per cubic meter 0.5 microns in diameter and larger, which corresponds to an ISO 9 cleanroom, which is the lowest level of cleanroom standards.

Clean room facilities
Clean rooms are used in virtually every industry where small particles can adversely affect the production process. They vary in size and complexity and are widely used in industries such as semiconductor manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, medical devices, and life sciences, as well as critical process manufacturing common in aerospace, optics, the military, and the Department of Energy.

A clean room is any confined space where measures are taken to reduce particulate contamination and control other environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity and pressure. The key component of a high-efficiency particulate air filter is HEPA, which is used to trap particles 0.3 microns and larger. All air delivered to the cleanroom passes through HEPA filters, and in some cases where precise cleaning performance is required, ULPA ultra-low particulate air filters are used.

Personnel selected to work in clean rooms undergo extensive training in contamination control theory. They enter and exit the cleanroom through airlocks, airshowers, or dressing rooms and must wear special clothing designed to trap contaminants naturally produced by the skin and body. .
Depending on the classification or function of the room, personnel clothing may be as limited as lab coats and hairnets, or as extensive as being fully clad in multi-layered rabbit suits with self-contained breathing apparatus.

Cleanroom Guard is used to prevent the release of substances from the user's body and polluting the environment. The cleanroom clothing itself should not release particles or fibers to prevent contamination of the environment by personnel. This type of personnel contamination can reduce product performance in the semiconductor and pharmaceutical industries and, for example, can cause cross-infection between medical staff and patients in the healthcare industry.

Cleanroom guard includes boots, shoes, aprons, beard covers, buffet hats, coveralls, face masks, lab coats/coats, coveralls, gloves and finger cots, hairnets, hoods, sleeves and shoe covers. The type of cleanroom clothing used should reflect the characteristics of the cleanroom and the product.
Low-level cleanrooms may only require special shoes that have a perfectly smooth sole that won't track in dust or dirt. However, the sole of the shoe should not be a slip hazard as safety always comes first. A cleanroom suit is usually required to enter the cleanroom. Class 10000 cleanrooms may use plain gowns, head coverings, and boots. For Class 10 cleanrooms, detailed gowning procedures are required with zippered coveralls, boots, gloves, and a full mask compartment.
Since our founding in 1996, ABN has strategically chosen to focus on the total cost of ownership of cleanrooms. Our modular, pre-engineered and highly energy-efficient VIX invention concept allows us to minimize the hidden costs of ownership of your indoor cleanroom facility. Our cleanrooms are pre-engineered as a system and replicated through its standard building blocks with the same durability, reliability and ease of maintenance regardless of location. Opting for a modular, pre-engineered approach provides predictable, repeatable solutions with ultimate upgradeability for a customer's changing cleanroom business. Our scalable and flexible VIX platform offers a wide range of choices for future design. The cornerstone of this vision is building the next generation of cleanrooms in a disruptive way.

Design of clean rooms

Your cleanroom solution for surfaces from 100 square meters to 1500 square meters
Corresponds to ISO grades 8 to 4
Compliant with cGMP grade D, C and B
The possibility of delivery from 3 weeks to 3 months
Separate areas can be supplied with cleanliness classification separate from the ballroom classification
ased on our patented VIX conceptB

Principles of clean room air flow
Cleanrooms maintain particulate-free air using either HEPA or ULPA filters using either laminar or turbulent air flow principles. Laminar or unidirectional airflow systems direct filtered air downward in a steady stream. Quiet airflow systems are typically used on 100% of the ceiling to maintain a constant, one-way flow. Laminar flow criteria are generally specified in portable workstation LF hoods and are required in ISO-1 through ISO-4 classification cleanrooms.

The proper design of the clean room includes the entire air distribution systemincluding provisions for adequate downstream air return. In vertical flow rooms, this means using low-wall air around the perimeter of the area. In horizontal flow applications, it is necessary to use air return at the downstream boundary of the process. The use of ceiling ventilators is inconsistent with the proper design of the cleanroom system.

Clean room classification
Clean rooms are classified according to the degree of air cleanliness. In US Federal Standard 209 (A through D), the number of particles equal to and larger than 0.5 micrometers in a cubic foot of air is measured and this number is used to classify the clean room.
This metric nomenclature is also adopted in the latest version of the 209E standard. Federal Standard 209E is used domestically. The newer standard is TC 209 from the International Organization for Standardization. Both standards classify a cleanroom based on the number of particles present in the laboratory air. Clean room classification standards FS 209E and ISO 14644-1 require specific measurements and calculations of particle counts for clean classification.

Absence level of a clean room or clean area In England, British Standard 5295 is used to classify clean rooms. This standard is to be replaced by BS EN ISO 14644-1.

Cleanrooms are classified according to the number and size of particles allowed in each volume of air. Large numbers such as "Class 100" or "Class 1000" refer to FED_STD-209E and indicate the number of particles 0.5 micrometers or larger allowed per cubic foot of air. The standard also allows for interpolation, so it can be described as e.g. "Class of 2000."

Small numbers refer to ISO 14644-1 standards, which specify the decimal logarithm of the number of particles of 0.1 micrometers or more allowed per cubic meter of air. So, for example, an ISO Class 5 cleanroom has a maximum of 105 = 100,000 particles per cubic meter.

Both FS 209E and ISO 14644-1 assume log-log relationships between particle size and particle concentration. For this reason, there is no such thing as zero particle concentration. Normal room air is approximately Class 1000000 or ISO 9.

What is CLEAN ROOM?
A clean room is a controlled environment where contaminants such as dust, airborne microbes, and aerosol particles are filtered to provide the cleanest possible area. Most cleanrooms are used to manufacture products such as electronics, pharmaceutical products, and medical devices. A clean room can be classified into different pollution levels depending on the amount of particles allowed in the space, per cubic meter. Clean rooms also control variables such as temperature, air flow, and humidity.

how it works?
Basically, clean rooms work to remove contaminants, particles, and pollutants from the outside air. The outside air first circulates through a filter system. Then the filters (HEPA or ULPA) clean and disinfect the outside air according to their specifications. The filtered air is then forced into the clean room. In addition, the contaminated air inside the clean room is moved out of the room by the registers, or back into the filters and the process starts again.

Who needs one?
There are several reasons why a company may need a clean room. If you are producing something that is easily affected by pollutants or airborne particles, you will most likely need a clean room. If you're not sure, or if you'd like an estimate, contact Angstrom's experts. Here are some common reasons you might need a cleanroom, and some common industries that regularly use cleanrooms:

Production companies
Research facilities
Pharmaceutical companies
Medical laboratories
Production of electronic components
Aerospace industry
Nano technology production
Production of optics and lenses
Military applications

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